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Description

Hydroponics, a soilless farming method, has gained traction due to climate change, rising land costs, and water efficiency. Despite its advantages, limited research has examined the key factors influencing hydroponic operations in the U.S. This study explores critical success factors and barriers for hydroponic farming in the Southeastern U.S. using a mixed-methods approach: producer interviews, market surveys, and GIS suitability analysis. We identified 92 hydroponic farms across eight states (NC, SC, TN, MS, LA, FL, GA, AL) and validated them through online presence and direct outreach. Interviews with 10 stakeholders revealed that market demand, financing, and technological innovation are primary determinants of success. A GIS-based suitability analysis incorporated restaurant density, income levels, population density, farmers' market proximity, financial institution proximity, electricity grid access, and road networks to assess ideal farm locations. Weighted overlay analysis in ArcGIS Pro indicated that while existing farms are generally well placed, high-suitability zones remain underutilized. Findings suggest that integrating entrepreneurial ecosystem elements market access, capital, technology, and policy support—enhances hydroponic viability. Future research will expand suitability models to explore strategies to strengthen hydroponic entrepreneurship in rural and urban areas. This study informs farm site selection and policy strategies to support hydroponic sector.

Publication Date

4-1-2025

Keywords

Hydroponic Farming, Suitability Analysis, Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

Assessing the Role of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in Hydroponic Operations: A GIS-Based Suitability Analysis

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