Dietary Fat Type Influence Oxidative Stress and the Expression of Solute Carrier Family 6 Gene in the Chicken Intestine

Student Classification

Lyric Armstrong, 4th-Year, Department of Animal Science

Faculty Mentor

Dr. Yewande Fasina, Dr. Adedeji Adetunji, Paul Omaliko, and Odinaka Iwuozo Department of Animal Sciences

Department

Department of Animal Sciences

Document Type

Poster

Publication Date

Spring 2023

Abstract

There is increasing concern about the welfare of poultry birds reared under intensive housing conditions in the commercial setting. In an 8-week experiment, the effect of different dietary fat types on stress level in broiler chickens was evaluated. Experimental treatments consisted of corn-soy based diet (Control, CON), into which olive oil (OLIV), fish oil (FISH), canola oil (CANO), lard (LARD), coconut oil (COCO), and flaxseed oil (FLAX) were incorporated at 3% level to make a total of 7 dietary treatments. On d 55, plasma and ileum tissue samples were collected. Plasma samples were analyzed for biological antioxidant potential (BAP) and reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROM) values. Ileal tissue was also evaluated for the expression level of inflammation indicator proteins, namely, solute carrier family 6, member 4 (SLC6A4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) genes. Results showed that birds in the COCO, CANO, and FISH treatments had higher levels (P < 0.05) of d-ROM (28.0 to 37.0 Carr U) compared to OLIV and FLAX treatments (18 t0 20 Carr U). On the other hand, the BAP values were within normal range for all treatments. The expression level of SLC6A4 gene was higher for FISH and COCO (P < 0.05; 5.89 to 9.83) compared to the other treatments (0.46 to 2.28). The expression level of TNF-alpha gene was higher (P < 0.05) for LARD and FISH (1.93 to 1.94) compared to CON, CANO and FLAX (0.26 to 1.00). It was concluded that birds in COCO, CANO, FISH, and LARD had higher stress levels, with the degree of oxidative stress being highest in the FISH treatment.

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